When building a layout for your HO model trains, choosing the right track system is one of the most important decisions you’ll make. While trains and scenery often get most of the attention, the track determines how well your layout runs, how realistic it looks, and how easy it is to build and expand.
HO scale (1:87 ratio) is the most popular model railroad scale in the world, offering a great balance of size, detail, and accessibility. To get the most out of your HO scale setup, it’s essential to understand the different types of tracks available, the top brands to consider, and the best practices for building a smooth, dependable layout.
Why Track Matters for HO Model Trains
The track is the foundation of any model railroad. A well-planned and properly installed track layout ensures:
- Smooth operation of your locomotives and rolling stock
- Long-lasting electrical connections
- Realistic appearance and scale proportions
- Flexibility to expand or redesign your layout over time
Your choice of track will influence everything from how much space your layout takes up to how much maintenance is required. Fortunately, HO model railroaders have more choices than ever—whether you’re building your first oval or constructing a detailed multi-level empire.
Types of HO Model Train Track
1. Sectional Track
Sectional track is pre-cut into fixed lengths and standard curve radii. It snaps together quickly and is available from almost all major model train brands.
Sectional track is ideal for beginners, modular layouts, or hobbyists who want to build and rebuild frequently. Because the pieces are pre-sized, designing a layout becomes easier, and it provides a great starting point for learning track geometry.
2. Flex Track
Flex track is a straight section of track (usually 36 inches long) that can be bent to any radius or curve. It offers complete freedom in layout design and allows you to create smoother, more natural-looking curves.
Flex track is a favorite among intermediate and advanced hobbyists who want full control over the realism and shape of their layout. It reduces the number of rail joints, which helps with electrical reliability and smooth train operation.
3. Roadbed-Integrated Track
Some manufacturers offer track with built-in roadbed, which includes a molded base that simulates the crushed stone (ballast) used on real railroads. Examples include Bachmann E-Z Track and Kato Unitrack.
Roadbed-integrated track makes setup especially quick and clean. It’s an excellent choice for tabletop, portable, or temporary layouts. Since the roadbed is included, there’s no need for gluing or ballasting during the initial layout build.
Understanding Rail Codes: Code 100 vs. Code 83
Rail code refers to the height of the rail in thousandths of an inch. In HO scale, the two most common rail heights are:
- Code 100: .100 inches tall — durable and compatible with a wide variety of rolling stock
- Code 83: .083 inches tall — closer in appearance to real rail and preferred for realism
Many modelers choose Code 100 for its reliability and broad compatibility. Code 83 is often used in realistic layouts where visual accuracy is important. Both types are widely available, and transition joiners can be used to connect different codes.
Top HO Track Brands to Consider
When selecting your track, brand consistency helps ensure compatibility and quality. Here are some of the most trusted manufacturers in the HO scale market:
1. Atlas
Atlas produces both sectional and flex track in Code 100 and Code 83. It’s a go-to choice for many modelers due to its high-quality rails, strong rail joiners, and versatile product range. Atlas also offers a wide selection of turnouts and accessories for expanding your layout.
2. Bachmann E-Z Track
Bachmann’s E-Z Track is a roadbed-based system that’s especially popular in starter sets. It snaps together securely, lays flat on most surfaces, and doesn’t require nails or glue. E-Z Track is a reliable and simple way to get trains running quickly, making it great for both children and casual hobbyists.
3. Kato Unitrack
Kato’s HO Unitrack offers precision manufacturing and excellent electrical conductivity. Its snap-together design makes it great for fast setups, while the realistic molded ballast enhances the appearance right out of the box. It’s known for high reliability and smooth operation.
4. Peco
Peco manufactures durable and highly detailed track, including flex track and an impressive variety of turnouts and crossings. It’s available in multiple rail codes and is ideal for custom and prototypical layouts. Peco track is popular among experienced hobbyists for its fine engineering and visual accuracy.
5. Walthers Track (formerly Life-Like)
Walthers offers a range of Code 83 track that’s ideal for North American prototype layouts. Their tracks feature realistic tie spacing, fine detail, and high reliability. The brand is well respected for quality components and seamless integration with scenery elements.
Tips for Setting Up Your HO Model Railroad Track
Once you’ve selected the track system that works best for your layout, follow these essential tips for a smooth, stable setup:
1. Start with a Solid Foundation
Ensure your baseboard or tabletop is flat, sturdy, and level. Common base materials include plywood, foam board, or MDF. A good foundation minimizes the risk of derailments and ensures reliable operation.
2. Use a Track Plan
Before laying any track, sketch your layout on graph paper or use layout design software like SCARM, AnyRail, or RailModeller. Planning helps you visualize how the layout will fit your space and ensures smooth flow for your trains.
3. Lay Track Carefully
Start by loosely placing your track, then adjust and align each section. Use track nails, foam-safe glue, or double-sided tape to secure the track if needed. If using flex track, cut pieces to size with a rail cutter and smooth the edges with a file.
4. Wire Your Layout for Power
Even small HO layouts benefit from extra electrical feeders. Solder feeder wires to the underside of the rails every few feet and connect them to a power bus for consistent voltage. This is especially important for DCC (Digital Command Control) layouts.
5. Test As You Build
Run a locomotive over each new section of track before moving on. This helps you identify any dead spots, misalignments, or connectivity issues early in the build.
6. Add Ballast (Optional)
For traditional track without molded roadbed, you can enhance realism by adding ballast. Use fine crushed rock and secure it with diluted white glue. This step adds visual depth and helps hold track in place on permanent layouts.
7. Maintain Your Track
Keep your rails clean with a soft cloth, track-cleaning car, or isopropyl alcohol. Inspect joiners and connections periodically, especially before extended operating sessions. Well-maintained track keeps your HO model trains running smoothly for years.
Conclusion: Laying the Groundwork for a Great HO Layout
Your HO model railroad begins with the track. Whether you choose sectional, flex, or roadbed-integrated track, each type has strengths that can suit your layout style, space, and skill level. By selecting quality components from trusted brands and taking the time to plan and install your track properly, you’ll build a layout that looks great and performs even better.
A well-laid track system not only improves reliability but also opens the door to more creativity, expansion, and long-term enjoyment. For a wide variety of HO track, trains, and accessories, visit Trainz.com and explore everything you need to get started or expand your layout.
